15.2 C
Auckland
Friday, October 24, 2025

Contribute

Home Blog Page 2380

The New Epidemic: the rise of female drinking

alcohol_advertising_influences_adolescents_alcohol_consumption_concludes_science_group_of_alcohol_and_health_forum_medium
Two weeks ago I wandered into my favourite bookshop on Brunswick Street, and walked past a pink book with the title, “Drink”, written by the journalist Ann Dowsett Johnson, I opened the book and read the first sentence,

Hang out in the brightly lit rooms of AA, or in coffee shops, talking to dozens of women who have given up drinking, and this is the conclusion you come to: for most, booze is a loan shark, someone they trusted for a while, came to count on, before it turned ugly.

I tried not to cry. That morning at around 10.30am I had downed 500ml of cider to you know, “take the edge off.” I have been drinking heavily since arriving in Australia. Moving countries is both stressful and incredibly lonely. Before this, like a lot of women I had gone through phases of episodic binge drinking, throughout my teens and twenties. I had even gone to CADS to seek help for my drinking a year earlier. But now my drinking is becoming a daily occurrence; sometimes I even drink at work.  Somehow, along the way my occasional habits of drinking a bit too much morphed into drinking on a daily basis.

I took the book up to the counter and handed over my money. I quickly tucked the book into my bag and walked out of the store. I walked into the nearest bar and downed another cider, it was 1 in the afternoon, and began to read. Ann Dowsett Johnson points to what is now believed to be a, “global epidemic of women’s drinking” as women have gained equality in “certain arenas” female binge drinking and dependence on alcohol has steadily risen, “those born between 1978 and 1983… are drinking to black out. In that age group, there is a reduction in male drinking, and a sharp increase for women.”

I have trusted alcohol since I was 14 because everyone else was drinking it whether you were in the
“cool” group or not. I kept on drinking because it made me feel invincible, pretty, capable… and eventually in my late twenties I drunk to numb the pain, disappointment and anxiety.

Johnson, in her book reflects on why so many women have picked up the bottle she wrote, “Like countless women, I lived with the tyrannical myth of perfection,” this ideal of perfection is something I deeply relate to. From an early age, I wanted to be the best at the age of 12 I wanted my PHD, I was going to do something incredible with my life; I wanted to change the world. I was going to do whatever it took, whatever it cost, to succeed in a world that so deeply favours men.

I went to University, I gained two undergraduate and two post graduate qualifications. I worked relentlessly, my mantra for over a half decade of university was, “let no one out work you today.” I would be at university from 6am till 12 at night. I would research and work until my eyes turned red. If I got a B I would vehemently criticises myself and then simply, work harder. I graduated in my final year of my BVA with an A+ average. I was exhausted. I went straight on to my first year of post graduate study finishing with an A average. It nearly killed me. I went on to my 2nd year of post graduate study graduating with, yet again, an A average. I had nothing left.

By this time my crippling pressure on myself, to be the best and to be perfect had resulted in using alcohol as a way to cope and ensued with epic binge drinking and periodically drug use, during the weekends. I was, as Ann Dowsett Johnston puts it, “[a] weekend warrior” in which she describes a trend of young females drinking to, “black out”. According to CDC Vital Signs report,

…female binge drinking is a serious, underrognized problem: almost 14 million American girls and women binge drink an average of three times each month, typically consuming six drinks per binging episode.

While at University the recession hit and the global financial collapse meant highly qualified graduates who had occurred thousands of dollars of debt had left University and either could not find work or if they did it was low paid and had little, if nothing to do with their degrees. I was one of those graduates.

At 26 I was working 3 bar jobs (yeah, working in a bar surround by alcohol… great place to be when you have a problematic relationship with alcohol) to make enough money to buy food and pay rent. It was devastating. I moved home, unable to keep up with bills. To cope with the disappointment I started drinking more, once a week turned into 2-4 times a week averaging between 2-5 drinks in one session. I used alcohol to numb the pain of what I perceived to be my own failure and the depression which subsequently crept into the corners of my life.  Johnston asks,

Why do we drink? To celebrate, yes. Relax, reward. Of course. Ask most girls and women with a serious drinking problem, and you will get none of these answers. What you will get is this–present or past tense notwithstanding: I drink to numb. I drink to forget. I drink not to feel. I drink not to be me.

In my family, unlike many people who develop problems with drinking, there is no history of addiction, apart from one other sibling. In fact my mum rarely ever had an alcoholic drink in front of me when I was growing up.

What most people do not know is there are many other factors that can seriously impact the chances of someone, developing a serious drinking problem as Johnston cites, “…a Canadian study involving six treatment centres found that 90 percent of women interviewed reported childhood sexual abuse or adult abuse histories in relation to their problematic drinking.” In fact childhood sexual abuse “is one of the strongest predictors of Alcohol abuse”. I am a survivor of child sexual abuse.

I started drinking at 14, which escalated into binge drinking by 15 like a lot of parents my mum was just glad I wasn’t on harder drugs. But parents should be worried, Richard Grucza, an alcohol epidemiologist points out, “there is a twenty-five percent increase in risk for alcohol dependence in those who drink at an early age”.

During my teenage years I engaged in high risk behaviour (a lot of girls I was friends with did, also); hitching everywhere, binge drinking in the weekends which of course lead to more unwanted sexual assaults. I remember waking up at a party with some guy twice my size tonguing my face with his hand up my shirt. I was paralysed with fear. I managed, somehow to get him off me. I told no one – as the cultural narrative goes: drunk girls get what they deserve. I had flashbacks and anxiety over the incident and others like it, for years.

Many young girls and women use alcohol to self-medicate, they use it to forget and deal with troublesome feelings and past trauma(s). This can create a horrible feedback loop; you drink to numb the pain related to what you have survived, but the drinking puts you at a much higher risk of repeating the history which in part, lead you to abusing alcohol in the first place.

There is barely any public conversation around how women are coping with the aftermath of assault, in a world where 1 billion women have survived sexual assault, we desperately need to start acknowledging that growing numbers of women are drinking to cope with what they have survived. Sexual abuse accounts for 20% of binge drinking, and sexual harassment for 50% in under 18 year olds, as  Elizabeth Saewye a Canadian researcher says, “if we want to get a handle on problematic drinking in adolescence we have to focus on violence in our society.”

What is also disturbing is, alcohol companies are now aggressively aiming their advertising at women. Previously advertising for alcohol was mainly aimed at men. While growing numbers of young girls are being admitted to hospitals in the early mornings of Saturdays and Sundays to have their stomach pumped or to undergo rape kits, alcohol companies are selling us the idea, drinking will bring us happiness and, make you feel sexy and liberated like Moet and Chardon’s, Be Fabulous, campaign.

unnamed-1

Alcohol is involved in 9 out of 10 rapes on university campuses, so while alcohol companies are busy selling us ideas of “freedom” and “liberation” if alcohol is ever involved in a rape it is often used to excuse it.

There are many associated risks with drinking, risks as a culture which is “soaked in alcohol” we generally like to stay blissfully unaware of. Sir Ian Gilmore, the past president of the Royal college of physicians states,

In the thirty years I have been a liver specialist, the striking difference is this: liver cirrhosis was the disease of elderly men–I have seen a girl as young as seventeen and women in their twenties with end-stage liver disease. Alcohol dependence is setting in when youngsters are still in their teens.

When I read those words, I felt my stomach fly into my mouth; no one really likes to hear the hard hitting facts about what addiction, especially alcohol addiction or just binge drinking something that has been so normalised in our culture, can do to your body.  As Johnston points out, “deaths from liver disease have risen by 20% in the last decade.” Not to mention the impact alcohol abuse can have on your mental health and wellbeing.  A psychiatric nurse I spoke to said, “…when it comes to addiction and alcohol abuse sometimes it is hard to know what came first? The chicken or the egg?” In other words it is hard to figure out if the alcohol and/or drug use caused the mental health issue or simply made it worse.

I have lied to a lot of people about how much I drink; to my boss, and of course to myself but also to my, mum. I only admitted to my mum four weeks ago I have been drinking heavily, to the point I now have major concerns about my health. Before this I had been telling her my drinking was much better that I was, “fine”. Sometimes while I held my third glass of wine in my hand, I would be on the phone reassuring her my drinking had, “honestly improved so much since coming to Australia.” I have spent most of my life telling people “I am fine,” as Kneeper, vice president at Caron treatments centres points out,

 “Women have a tendency to want to project an image of holding it all together–but they will know internally, long before others, that they have a problem. Eventually they will be outed: a DUI, showing up late for work too often, external issues.”

The spoken word poet Michael Lee who has struggled with alcohol addiction for most of his life, remembers in his poem, “Waking Up Naked” how he was asked, “Michael, do you want to die?” ever since hearing these words they resound inside my head nearly every time I pick up a drink, “Chloe, do you want to die?”.

The excessive consumption of alcohol has been normalised in our western culture, I think people believe alcohol is “safe” or you know, better than crack. What people need to realise is binge drinking, heavy drinking and drinking to self-medicate can be really damaging, “Lots of harms are coming from those who are not addicted,” says Robert Strang, Chief public officer of the providence of Nova Scotia, “periodic, episodic binge drinking leads to acute and chronic problems in society. The problem with alcohol? We don’t acknowledge it as a drug – and as such, we haven’t paid enough attention to it.”

Excessive drinking is a serious and chronic public health issue, and it has become as Johnson asserts in her book, “a women’s issue”. And she is right. Women are expected to live a certain way; to be skinny, beautiful, have successful careers, raise kids and never brake a sweat. In our alcogenic culture more and more women are picking up the bottle to cope with past traumas and/or the growing and sometimes crippling demands placed on them.

We desperately need to start speaking about how some women, are drinking – to cope, so we can lift and challenge the stigma of addiction and support women who need help.

 

Deconstructing the media metanarrative

Gower-and-Smith

The mainstream media are good at letting us know their politics, because their preferences and positions haven’t shifted in decades. The media support big business, racist, stereotypical ideas that successfully helped disengage 800,000 eligible voters last time around. At present, they’re doing a mighty fine job of setting and massaging the current political discourse with their “we’ll just ring middle-class, wealthy voter” polls which show National governing alone. In the meantime thousands of children are living in poverty; numerous families are facing the prospect of another freezing winter unable to meet power bills; our children will still go to school hungry and yet many more will stress and struggle with the choice of either paying rent or getting an extra bag of rice to feed the family.

The strategy for the Left seems pretty simple to me: Share a flat white or apple juice – privately or publicly, say at Fresh Café in Otara – and work out a plan to win this election, together. I repeat. Win this election together. Coming out with broad statements agreeing on general policy platforms is desperately needed to at least challenge the narrative being set by the media. Have some robust discussions on electorate seats that need to be won by one of the Parties and not split – Auckland Central, Ohariu, Te Tai Tokerau are a few that come to mind. And for the life of me, stop slagging people off in public… just a small perception of Left-Party unity will go some distance to offering a real alternative to voters, especially the 800,000 who didn’t feel their vote would make a difference last election.

Over the past few of months I’ve spoken with many young people in west and south Auckland asking me why I’m involved in politics. Over the past days these conversations have become more intense with the election date being announced. Many of the youth I speak with are Pasifika and will be voting for the first, second or third time in the upcoming election. In almost all my discussions with them, they’ve decided who to give their candidate vote to and are weighing up whether to go Labour, Green or Mana with the Party vote. I should note that a few are toying with the idea of voting NZ First. In any case, the most fascinating part of the discussion for me is when they ask nearly every time in the context of the Left winning the election: is the strategy to win? My sense from speaking to these voters is that they understand MMP really well. Their world is built around collaboration, compromise and negotiation. And I’m pretty sure that when they ask me about whether the Left is seriously trying to win the election, it’s within the context of how prepared they are, in their worlds to collaborate, compromise and negotiate.

The media’s metanarrative is that National will govern alone. The hope is that our voters will stay home on Election Day and relinquish their hopes to a market-driven government that has no regard for them whatsoever. The sub-narrative is a deliberate attempt to keep people thinking in terms of first past the post when we are well and truly living in MMP times. We must zealously deconstruct the metanarrative being set by the media and pull together people, policies and Parties, that will win the next election. That will mean terms such as refrain, trust, collaboration and accommodation will need to enter the dialogue… and on current performance, that will be our greatest challenge.

Combating the stigma around mental health

images

The wide spread social stigma and myths around people who have a mental health diagnosis is what we really, should be discussing

I think about mental health a lot. I have many years of lived experience as someone related to me has Bi-Polar and I also support someone very close to me who has clinical depression and has gone into serious unwellness 3 times in the last year and on the 3rd time I had to ring the CAT team and commit him to a psychiatric ward.

The fact is, in my experience there are massive social stigmas around people who have a mental health diagnosis. And it shits me. It shits me because people (not just those close to me) have to face misunderstanding, stigma and judgement from a culture and media that pedal some really damaging ideas around mental health.

There have been many articles written on Charlotte Dawson, a model and media personality who died by suicide last week. People have made some really—reductive—claims as to why Dawson, who suffered from depression took her own life.

Deborah Hill Cone’s NZ Herald article “It wasn’t just depression that claimed Charlotte” caused intense criticism and controversy, Hill made massive speculations on why Dawson took her own life she wrote, “It wasn’t just depression that claimed you. I think you were also claimed by the fear of getting old. It is hard being 47. At the crisis of middle age, losing your sexual currency, becoming invisible.”  First of all, if Dawson had anxiety in relation to getting old (which is speculation) this would all feed into the diagnosis of depression – depression and suicide are complex issues, there is never just one reason or one trigger for taking your own life.

Cone went on to state, “You [Dawson] felt shunned for being single, being childless, for having a mental Illness. The truth is no one really cares. But for you that was even worse,”  the thing is in our society people generally do care (for all the wrong reasons) if you have a mental health diagnosis for example there is major discrimination in the work place when someone has the courage to openly tell people they have a mental health diagnosis–or show signs of having one. In Australia where I currently live, more than one in five Australians have experienced discrimination in the workplace due to mental illness, according to a study by the Mental Health Council of Australia (MHCA).

Charlotte Grimshaw an author who was friends with Dawson also wrote a piece for the NZ Herald, “Charlotte Grimshaw: the life and wild times of Charlotte Dawson”, Grimshaw writes,

“The addition of a dependant brings the urgent need for self-preservation. It’s what all parents know: that children not only enrich life beyond anything you’ll ever experience, they save you too. You can no longer party hard. If you do, the unit will begin to fall apart.

Martin Amis has a line about parenthood standing in the way of suicide, something like: well, you can’t kill yourself now, because of the children… the kids can be the best anchor to life you can have.”

Having children does not always “save you”, many people have taken their lives who are Mothers or Fathers. Reducing reasons for suicide to a few or focusing on one reason such as “she was afraid of aging” or “she was childless”, minimises the complex battle many people who have a diagnosis of depression fight – not to mention as Natalie Robertson an AUT lecturer points out,

“It is sexist in the extreme [for Hill and Grimshaw] to speculate that a woman would end her life because she doesn’t have children, unless she has already stated this as the cause of her depression. Would it be speculated on as a cause for a man?”

You know what? Most people know SWEET FUCK ALL about why people become suicidal or take their own lives because the majority of people when a friend or someone they know starts cycling into unwellness, walk away. Not everyone, there are friends, family members and partners who are supportive and walk alongside someone who are struggling with mental health issues. But overwhelmingly people, often have no idea what to do when someone starts showing signs of a mental health issue, so they ignore it.

When people take their own lives as my mum Libby King, who is the Group Coordinator at Tiaho Mai (Adult Mental Health) said to me, “…part of the reason can be because they are tired. Tired of getting out of bed. Tired of facing the day. The struggle just gets too much. The battle is no longer worth fighting.”

For some, depression becomes physical–it becomes a “psychic pain”. Oscar*, a man I talked to who was diagnosed with clinical depression at 15 and then with a duel diagnosis of Psychosis at 27, (he feels he has suffered from depression from the age of 9) told me it can feel like, “someone is pushing down on his chest” and “it can become physically painful to move or even get out of bed”. Most of the time he cannot really articulate why he wants to die, he just feels “tired” and like “it is not worth it”. He came from a deeply religious family and his father’s discipline included routine violence. He has spent many years going from what he describes as, “one dead end job to the next”. He is now 27 and has been dealing with his diagnosis for 18 years. Oscar says this has all contributed to him, often feeling like he no longer wants to be here. But he maintains there is no one reason.

Even know sometimes Oscar feels like giving up, he recognises how much pain he feels is not normal (no matter how long he has felt it) and it does not need to be this way. Oscar has decided to use his personal understanding of mental health to support others and is about to leave Australia, where he currently lives for New Zealand to undertake a peer support course in the hope of becoming a peer support worker (consumer worker). His intention is to learn better skills to deal with his own depression and support those who are struggling also.

Deborah Hill Cone’s article has earned her many things: people have demanded she be fired, she has faced online abuse and as Cone states “[she] became the target of so much hate”. One person in reaction to Cone’s article wrote this to her, “you’re a vile disgusting bitch, you are a f***ing goblin, go hang yourself and do the world a favour, I hope you get as much hate mail as Charlotte did so you go through what she did, you maggot. Also, fix your eyebrows.” Yeah, I am not trying to become a moral compass for society here, but Charlotte Dawson had some pretty big issues with cyber bullying, what some people said to Cone is just plain fucking wrong.

Shouldn’t we as writer’s, thinkers and people who have any sense of humanity be attacking the negative and ignorant social stigmas and myths attached people who have a mental health diagnosis have to face, not just Cone’s words? Isn’t Cone’s article systematic of a society which often minimises and misunderstands the experiences of people who have a mental health diagnosis? Oscar told me he often, “feels judged and alienated because when [he] cycles into unwellness, people stop talking to him and he has lost friendships over it”. How many people with depression have been told to “just get over it” – yeah, because it is just that easy.

Willard Foxton, a journalist who lost his own father to suicide wrote,

The audience wants closure, wants to fit the suicide into a broader narrative, to make it “make sense”. Of course, suicides rarely make sense. They are almost always much more complex than they seem. Four years on from my Father’s death, I still don’t really know why he killed himself – and I never will.

We should, as a community be attacking the wider social issues people who have a mental health diagnosis have to deal with, not just one article by one woman. Like most people, Cone (seemingly) has limited understanding of mental health and this unfortunately, is also true for our wider society.

 

*Some names have been changed in this article to protect their privacy 

If you or someone you know is thinking about suicide there is help out there for you, a lot of it. Suicide is preventable. We can stop it, if we have the right tools and support systems around us. Please call these numbers or have a read of these websites if you or someone you know is suicidal, having difficulty coping or you just want to learn more about Mental Health:

Australia:

Mental Health Commission:

Lifeline:

https://www.lifeline.org.au/

 

New Zealand:

The Nutter’s Club (hosted by Mike King)

http://thenuttersclub.co.nz/

Lifeline:

http://www.lifeline.co.nz/

Undoing Depression:

http://www.undoingdepression.com/

Mental Health Foundation:

http://www.mentalhealth.org.nz/page/5-home

For Journalists (in relation to writing on suicide)

The Samaritans guidelines to writing on suicide:

http://www.samaritans.org/sites/default/files/kcfinder/files/Samaritans%20Media%20Guidelines.pdf

 

 

“Please, be that guy.”

Man-Up-whydontcha

A few weeks ago I had a conversation about what it means to be a “man” in today’s western culture with my friend Ramvir who is a 32 year old man of Indian descent who has lived in Auckland, Aotearoa for most of his life. Ramvir, turned 17 in a youth detention centre and before this he says he was, “surrounded by violence both physical and emotional”. For Ramvir manhood was enforced through violence, through language – those who did not meet the bar of what manhood was supposed to look like; those who cried or showed emotion got called pussies, fags and bitches.

After 9 months Ramvir was released and says by 19 few of his friends knew he had ever been in prison. Ramvir spent most of his life not discussing how he felt or his past, it is only in the last two years that he is coming to terms with it and rethinking what being a “man” actually means to him – reimagining what masculinity can be, for him.

Ramvir spoke to me about how he used to bond with other men, him and his mates would make commentary on women’s bodies, stare/leer at their “big breasts” and bond through sexualising women.  In the last two years he had what he calls a “slow awakening” which was typified when he stumbled onto a  group of radical feminists on the website Reddit,

This group was a space for women to vent about rape, sexual violence, inequality and the general bullshit of patriarchy in this world. This was not a space for “learning” or for men to become “informed”, it was a space for women who already knew their shit to discuss their shit – in other words do your homework first or do not post in this group.

What Ramvir read in these forums lead him to, doing his own further research in regards to women’s rights and the overwhelming violence women are facing today. He began to question what masculinity means and ultimately challenging and changing his own behaviour; catching himself when he (literally) used women’s bodies to bond with other men. Ramvir said, “Now, I try to bond with men by talking about how I feel, in the moment. Sometimes men are repulsed by it, sometimes it connects them to me. I talk about how I feel with other men in an attempt to create spaces for them to speak as well”.

The thing is I have spent a greater part of my life campaigning for the rights of women and trying to think of ways we might end rape and violence against women. It has only occurred to me in the last year or so, the violence is never going to decrease or stop unless we seriously address how we are raising young men.

Nothing is going to fucking change if we do not start talking about how patriarchy is not serving men either (we know beyond a doubt it is certainly not serving women) as Carlos Andrés a poet, activist and writer states, ‘by buying into the illusion of power afforded by patriarchy, we as heterosexual men do far more than just oppress women and gay men – ultimately we are oppressing ourselves. Ramvir said something simular in our conversation, “I do not think patriarchy or misogyny is working for a lot of men either. There may be a payoff but it is not worth it. It may feel reassuring to be born into a leadership role, to be told you are naturally a leader because you are a man so you buy some power but you have sold your ability to step outside of the confines of that gender expectation”.

The thing is misogyny is not just killing women (globally, as many as 38% of murders of women are committed by an intimate partner) it is killing young boys and men as well. Michael Morones is an 11 young boy who happens to really like My Little Pony, as the NY Daily News reported, ‘…he is one of many young boys who is part of a growing section of the male population that enjoys “My Little Pony”, which was originally marketed toward girls and created in 1983.’ Michael tried to hang himself over a month ago because as Michael’s parents say he was teased relentlessly over his love of the cartoon My Little Pony. Because Michael did not play with only trucks, action figures, fake guns and tanks because he did not fit the dominant ideal of masculinity because he played with “My Little Pony”, a toy for girls, he was bullied to the point life was no longer worth living.

I remember when I was a teenager I meet this kind hearted young man called Dave, he told me about how his father used beat him daily, “to teach him how to be a man”. He told me how sometimes he felt like he was dying inside.  He hung himself a year after I met him.  He was passionate and sensitive and looked after me at a time when my home life was falling apart: my sister was hooked on drugs, sometimes she would go missing for weeks on end, my family was seriously going into crisis and I had no idea what to fucking do about it – I was only 15. When I felt like I had nothing, Dave gave me everything. He let me stay at his house on the couch when going home seemed like too much and he kept me safe (boys and girls can really “just be friends”).

I wish someone had kept him safe. I wish someone had told him it is ok to cry, it is ok to feel too much; it is ok to be vulnerable. I wish I had helped him find a language to articulate his pain and suffering instead when he tried to talk to me about how he was feeling I told him to “get hard and it will be ok”. Effectively I told him to “man up” when he had just told me he had been beaten for most of his life. I was too young and too wrapped up in my own suffering to hear what he so desperately needed to say; “please help me.”

In my last article for the daily blog in which I spoke about the damage and impact objectifying language and images have on people I stated , “it is time to demolish archaic paradigms so we can build new ones which respect women” (yeah, I really am quoting myself), the thing is this is impossible unless we build new paradigms that “reimagine what manhood” can be – reimagine a whole entire new cultural and social landscape which is vastly different from the one that has been enforced. The Statistics for rape and violence against women are only going to grow if we do not address the fact men are being raised in a culture that tells them the way to be man is to never show emotion. Jane Fonda the award winning actor and activist while in conversation with Eve Ensler states,

‘I have a grandson who is 8, I guess a burning thing I think about a lot is what do we do about our sons? You read the headlines about columbine and all the school shootings and all these things and the headlines say, “What is happening to our children?”, “What is happening to our American Teenager’s?” what it should be is, “What is happening to our sons – our boys?” And it comes back to this issue of bifurcation. And how we raise our sons or our grandsons is going to make a huge difference for tomorrow… we need to do everything we can to keep our sons and grandsons emotionally literate. To keep them connected head to heart. And it is really hard because I work with adolescents and the boys who have remained hooked up [to their heads and hearts] are not in a safe place they are called “sissies” and “pansies” and “momma’s boys” and they do not know anymore when they are sad. They [boys] loose emotional literacy. We have to raise sons who are capable of intimacy and love and compassion and empathy.”

We, need to decode the language around us; words like “pussy” and “faggot” which are used to put down men who behave too “emotionally” aka “like a homosexual” or “like a women” are being used as weapons to control and dictate how men must behave. These words are seriously damaging in all there seemingly defused and normalised use Carlos Andrés Gómez states, “I had the realization that straight men strategically use certain words to police who they are. And at the centre of that enforcement are… faggot, bitch, and pussy. All three of those words share something in common: Men use those words to devalue the feminine.”

It is men like Ramvir and Carlos who are questioning what it means to be a man – and we need more men who move, “outside of the predetermined boundaries of masculinity”. These men and I am sure so many more like them cannot be content in a world that tells them to gain power; to be powerful you must dominant, humiliate, intimidate, dehumanise, control through violence – other people. A world which instructs men and young boys  the way you become a man is to stop feeling, stop crying, stop caring; “Stop being so fucking emotional”, (something women are told endlessly whenever they are too loud, too outspoken, too angry; too much). A world which is telling young men, the way to be a man is to effectively stop feeling your own humanity.

What this world desperately needs is more men, more people who are deeply connected to their own humanity – that is how we begin to change a world that serves the rich and not the poor, caters to the powerful and not the (perceived) powerless. We need more people who have found the courage and conviction to tell their stories with their whole hearts – now, that is power. People who question a culture that pedals dangerous and damaging stereotypes of what “manhood” should be, in the words of Carlos:

“Masculinity is a choke chain. It is a suffocating bar that can never be met.”

 

But it’s just all in good fun, right?

If we are dominated by a media that sexually objectifies women and shows them as something to be acted upon then it should not come as a shock that over 1 billion women on this planet today have survived rape and violence.  

I work as a Chef. It is a new thing. I was a bartender but I got sacked a few weeks ago because well, honestly I don’t give a shit about getting people drunk. I got a job the next day at a Café, they only had work in the kitchen so like someone who stupidly did five years of art school with dreams of becoming the next Ai WeiWei, I took what I could get. I have worked hospo for 8 years so for those who have never worked hospo, Chefs can sometimes be angry, moody and generally pretty sexist.

My job entails making food and plating up and apparently listening to my head chef’s commentary as he reduces women who walk into the café, to parts of their bodies with his words. Nearly no young women is safe.  He graphically describes what he would like to do with her breasts, her ass… her legs. It is an ongoing commentary on lips, hips, boobs; body parts. It usually sounds like this, “look at her fucking ass, I’d own that,” “Fuck look at that one [referring to a woman who has just walked into the café] look at those legs, I bet they would look good in the air,” “look at those tits they are massive, I could motorboat the shit out of them”. I could go on but I think you get the point.

The other day my Head Chef told me he believes “rape happens so much in Australia [where I currently live] because of Multiculturalism… it is those Indian’s, those Muslims” said as if it was the absolute truth. You have to give it to the guy; he really knows how to simultaneously racially stigmatise two cultures while dribbling a sexist diatribe all at the same time.

There is irony to be found in what my Head Chef said in relation to blaming two cultures for the violence women face today. For example he, a white middle aged and middle-class man, (not Indian or Muslim) uses graphic sexually objectifying language to describe women. I doubt he views it in this way in fact he believes he is complimenting them and as women we should just be glad we got any attention at all, right? What he is really doing is using language that separates women from their whole being; their personalities and complex emotions as human beings and reduces them to separate body parts in a process of dehumanisation. Reinforcing a culture that values women for what they look like, not for their intelligence or what they achieve, a culture that teaches young girls the only currency of value they have are their bodies.

Just in case anyone is confused about what sexual objectification is or just have no idea what I am talking about, “[sexual objectification is] the viewing of people solely as de-personalised objects of desire instead of individuals with complex desires/plans of their own.” If you are still unsure, walk out of your house right now to the closest junction or street where billboards litter the sky to see just one example and admire the asses, legs and breasts separated from their bodies to sell you shit like cars, drinks and menswear.  To summarise, a “part” stands in for the “whole” [body].

Sometimes sexually objectifying material simply promotes violence against women, such as this Dolce and Gabbana ad campaign which could be interpreted as a gang rape about to happen.

Now I know what some of you are thinking, “but men are objectified in the media and in society to!” yes they are and it is NOT cool to objectify ANYONE. However overwhelmingly it is disproportionate to women as Laci Green, a blogger on sexuality states, “96% of all sexually objectifying images are of women’s bodies.”

When my Head Chef graphically describes what he would like to do with certain parts of a women’s body, he is feeding into a dominant media that writes a global cultural narrative that constantly dehumanises and sexually objectifies women.

One of the major problems with a media that sexual objectifications women, is it creates a dominant culture where rape and sexual assault is not taken seriously as Dr Caroline Heldmen expresses, “…sexually objectified women are dehumanized by others and seen as less competent and less worthy of empathy by both men and women.  Furthermore, exposure to images of sexually objectified women causes male viewers to be more tolerant of sexual harassment and rape myths.” Objectifying material helps to enable rape culture and allows people, like my Head Chef to think it is TOTALLY ok and normal to commentate and use sexual language in relation to a women’s body parts like it is somehow, his god given right too.
If we are dominated by a media that sexually objectifies women and shows them as something to be acted upon then it should not come as a shock that over 1 billion women on this planet today have survived rape and violence.

Recently, in New Zealand a case simular to the “Roast Busters” has been reported, two boys have been convicted for the rape of a young girl. As reported by the New Zealand Herald, the two boys raped an underage girl who could not give informed consent because she had been drinking (there was NO mention if the young men had been consuming alcohol, but there hardly ever is in relation to “alcohol related rapes”) after both boys were done taking turns raping her, other people at the party came in with their phones and videoed themselves touching her. Both the boys thought their actions were not rape because they were not violent towards the young girl. They could not grasp that rape in itself is violence no matter “how” you rape someone. As Dr McGregor said in the New Zealand Herald,

“Most men would be appalled at these sorts of attitudes and behaviour which show a total disrespect towards girls and women. But why do these young men have these misogynistic beliefs that girls are their playthings? And why did those boys come into the room with the cellphones, instead of … stopping what was going on? It’s a wider culture which makes them think these appalling attitudes are acceptable,”

Dr McGregor is right, most men would be appalled at this behaviour, and this article you are reading is not an attempt to humiliate men and young boys or tell them everything they are doing is wrong. I wrote it so more men and women question the unspoken beliefs around them – we need a strong counter-culture and to become architects of our own worlds; our own humanity. It is time to demolish archaic paradigms so we can build new ones which respect women, teach what sexual consent means and do not dehumanise women, globally.

Alleviating poverty key to raising student achievement

1601587_10151987370584285_1698383850_n

Cunliffe’s state of the nation speech in Kelston was welcome relief to the nonsense of last week when the government decided to throw $359M at high-earning change and executive school principals. When the government’s answer to “underachieving” students is the establishment of charter schools, then anything they suggest needs serious scrutiny. So what exactly can executive principals achieve? If the government believes that successful schools are those with lots of Cambridge exam-achieving kids, then essentially their work programme will be to unleash high-decile school principals on low decile schools. Turning Maori and Pasifika learners into ‘mini-me’ decile 10 kids by advancing their styles of learning and engagement is better known as assimilation.

By contrast, Labour’s announcement of an extra $60 per week to families of new born children – including beneficiaries who are people too and some in society need reminding of that often – will help lift the burden of rising living costs across the board. Increasing the number of ECE centres in high needs areas as well as increasing free hours for children is placing investment and support where it’s needed most. In the early years of a child’s life and development. Moreover, extending paid parental leave to 6 months means that a parent can be at home with baby for a good period of time without too much stress on family finances. The Greens also came out with an impressive plan to ensure school kids get enough to eat at lunch time, greater access to nurses and free after school care. Labour and the Greens are agreed on prioritising the needs to children in order to give them the ‘best start’ in life.

There is a clear link between child poverty and educational achievement. Professor of Public Policy Jonathan Boston of Victoria University states that there is “a large proportion of children born into disadvantaged families and/or who experience protracted periods of childhood poverty who do not enjoy high levels of educational success” (2013:9). The idea of throwing money at executive principals does nothing to address the issue of childhood poverty and misleads people and organisations to becoming “cautiously optimistic” that it will have a positive impact on student outcomes. Further, the recent suggestion by some academics that it will raise the perception of teaching as a profession is merely succumbing to the lolly scramble of more money for management positions and careering off the (under) achievement of students in low decile schools.

NZ has long prided itself in being a society built on the egalitarian premise that everyone, regardless of race, class or gender, has fair and equal access to opportunity. This is not the case when 1 in 4 children is living in poverty and even less own two pairs of shoes. Focusing policies on alleviating financial hardship and disadvantage will lift student success and pave the way for future prosperity and peace that can be experienced by all and not the high-decile few.

Visiting the doctor with Mum

bad-celiac-doctors

Over the summer break our family were in the process of supporting our darling matriarch thru the decision of having to undergo radiation therapy. The meeting with the doctor had been set up for two o’clock one afternoon and I had to be there – because I supposedly speak good English. En route to the hospital Mum rings me at 1.27pm to say that the doctor has called for her and wants to meet her now to go over the procedure and explain any after effects of the treatment. Doing my best to sound firm, but not disrespectful over the phone I tell her to tell the doctor that the appointment is for 2pm and they should wait; taking all of me not to use words that my God-fearing, (very) Samoan mother would find unbecoming. Picking up the pace I walk into the consultation room at 1.48pm.

In the intervening 20 minutes between our telephone conversation the doctor went out to my mother and said that she needs to outline the procedure now and can’t wait for me to arrive. Later, mum tells me in Samoan that she didn’t want to be disrespectful to the doctor so she agreed to go in and begin the consultation. My blood boiling but aware that I shouldn’t do or say anything to upset Mum during this time, I ask the doctor a series of questions. Looking at her watch constantly and breathing that breath where you know she’s irritated at having to go over the information again, we talk for a good 45 minutes. Throughout the entire conversation she answers my questions by looking at my mother and only rarely glancing at me. Out of respect for my mother I just handle what I regard as extremely rude behaviour. Mum and I are in and out of Samoan so that we’re both sure that we’ve both understood the conversation, even though there are medical terms used that we have to turn into sentences and phrases because neither of us can find a Samoan equivalent. I think created some new Samoan medical terms that afternoon because we had to transliterate words at times.

Durie (2001) says that Doctors bring a scientific ethos to their work and can improve their treatment of patients significantly by being culturally competent. He adds that the best way to broach this divide is through language, by being aware that there are subtleties in language that need to be delicately explained and understood. Each time I asked the doctor a question she would turn to my mother and begin by saying “it’s your body and you can do what you decide is best for your body Mrs Collins” then briefly glance over at me. Mum would look somewhat confused towards me each time she started her reply with that answer; all the while my frustration growing at the obvious assumptions that she’s making of me. After I politely asked all the questions we had, we requested some time alone so that Mum could think about what the next step would be for her, for us.

Our family had met on a number of times to discuss this treatment with Mum; numerous telephone calls to Australia, prayer meetings, getting advice from our church Minister and calls back home to Samoa. The doctor had no idea of how we prepared for that meeting when she went about starting it half an hour early. To pressure my mum to have the meeting 30 minutes before I could be there to both offer moral and linguistic support was culturally insensitive at best. She had no idea of the cultural power that existed because as a doctor, she’s seen as holding authority and knowledge; the type that we’d been raised to respect. This meeting was about more than “mum’s body” and how she chose to have her body treated. This meeting was about Mum as the matriarch of our family being able to express her values, leadership, wisdom, faith, hopes, anxiety and tradition.  The respect that we had shown to the doctor wasn’t reciprocated and it made us feel belittled and undervalued. Eventually the doctor returned and Mum told her exactly what she was thinking and feeling in relation to the discussion and treatment – in true Samoan strength, faith and beauty.

 

Victory for Labour

1450325_10152062159288748_1392416486_n

 

Securing the majority of the 800,000 non-voters will be key to Labour’s chances for success next year. This was a central theme during the leadership selection period which saw the Party surge in the polls, its membership and arguably its relevance to most working NZ’ers. I carry my own obvious bias towards Labour both as a member of the Party and someone keen-as-heck to see a change in government in 2014. Former Party President Mike Williams said in 2005 that Labour got in because of the South Auckland vote. Many of us watching the coverage will remember the shift in fortunes as the South Auckland results came in, somewhat later than the others and got the Party over the line. I don’t need to wait till election night 2014 to make the very same remark – for Labour to win they need the South Auckland vote in their favour and more importantly, in numbers!

 

There are some important drivers to focus on in the new year for the South Auckland electorates as well as a couple of others in Auckland with high Maori and Pasifika constituents. I wanted to note a few of them here and pick up the conversation sometime next year.

 

Increase the Party vote: With the exception of Mangere, the electorates of Manurewa and Manukau East realised under 70 per cent of the Party vote (57% and  66% respectively). Louisa Wall is an outstanding candidate who is popular in the electorate. Alongside a strong team in Manurewa they can raise the Party vote result in the electorate as well as her own result. Ross Robertson has been a strong candidate in Manukau East for some years and held the confidence of the electorate for this time. He’s retiring at the conclusion of this term to focus on the local board – so my gain in many ways. Without making too much comment about this as my names has been linked to a possible run for the nomination, it’s worth acknowledging that the diverse populations in particular of Otara and Papatoetoe are strong Labour voters. Again, the campaign here needs to focus on securing even more Party votes for Labour. They will also need a candidate who can rally the troops to both enrol to, and vote. The person must articulate and to a larger degree, personify the aspirations of this community and I will observe the nomination process with interest.

 

Talk to me: At the last election I was working as a radio host for a community station. One of the things that I recall is that Labour’s messages needed better branding. Everyone I interviewed spouted the same thing – GST off fresh fruit and vegetables, First $5000 of income tax-free, and don’t sell our assets. But we struggled in those interviews to move past the single-liners. What are the benefits to low income families of cheaper fresh produce as opposed to readily accessible and cheap fast food? How much extra would I get in the hand if the initial $5K portion of my pay wasn’t taxed? What are the benefits of keeping assets in NZ ownership for my children and when I don’t see myself reflected in the governance boards of these assets? People must be able to recognise the impact of these policies for their families, when we’re all sitting around at home sussing out how we’ll fund the family’s meals next week, paying telephone bills, power bills and the kids’ school uniforms.

 

Better use of social media: Labour has much to learn from the Greens when it comes to social media. Yesterday I was excited to see the guest post by David Cunliffe on this blogsite which shows a willingness of the Leader and his Party to engage with people who digest information quickly. Immediately. And on-line. Personally I find facebook and other bits like twitter, instagram and all that stuff too time consuming. Labour has to get it right when it comes to communicating in real-time with (mostly) young people who prefer to receive their updates on an i-phone. There would be a reasonable proportion of the 800,000 non-voters that has access to these tools and this is a great way to connect with them. I’m always intrigued by the number of people who read from the TDB blogsite on a regular basis both for opinions on issues, but also because it provides a medium to offer people a critical perspective – the stuff missing from our current rubbish, fast-food diet of mainstream media.

 

Casting my eye out west: The newly created Kelston electorate looks like a strong Labour seat, on paper. I’ve already heard of a number of Pasifika people who are interested in putting their names forward for the Labour nomination and am excited because by this. Some are predicting that Carmel Sepuloni will get this nomination after the last seat she sought was dismantled resulting in Bennett running for the hills of conservative safety. In any case, this seat if being judged on paper, needs to be treated like a South Auckland election-night result-swinger. It needs a candidate that connects well with the community and will do everything to ensure there’s high Party vote support. My informal discussions with people lead me to believe that National is considering Laauli Michael Jones or Tuigamala Vaaiga Tuigamala as their local candidate which would make this seat fair game. I believe that Labour could win it and win it well if the candidate they choose is known to the community. The recent Whau Local Board results suggest to me that Labour is on the rise in this area which bodes well for any incoming candidate.

 

Victory for Labour in 2014 is definitely on the cards. On current polling a coalition with the Greens and Mana is possible. For Labour though, from Party leader to small fry like me, this holiday season is about resting up for a Party campaign that demands we win to ensure a fair society for all and not just the powerful and wealthy. Tough decisions will have to be made, where as a Party we keep the interests of NZ at the forefront, moving us even further away from the personality politics that dogged us previously. I go into this break enthusiastic about Labour’s chances for 2014. Moreover, I go into this holiday season enthusiastic about the nation’s chances of becoming a fairer and more caring country under a new administration. Merry Christmas.

 

Conferencing equity from the sidelines

TACA7587-Banner7_500x340

Last week I had the opportunity to present a paper at the Equity Practitioners Conference in Perth. My paper looked at shifting the focus of university’s from recruiting Pasifika students to their institutions as mostly an activity of adding flavour, to a deliberate approach of engaging these communities as a means of facilitating their personal and familial aspirations. At the opening of the conference we were reminded that as equity practitioners our role was to work alongside marginalised communities and not determine their dreams. I was in for a great conference – well at least I thought I was.

As each of the sessions passed my excitement quickly dissipated whilst my anger and frustration grew. I listened to white, middle class practitioners outline strategies on indigenous, Aboriginal cultural competency and when I asked where they got all this knowledge from, was told they had a few informal meetings with some elders. At every session the Australian speakers spouted the same opening lines of “I want to acknowledge the indigenous people of Australia, original custodians of the land.” After the fifth session of this mantra I’d had enough and asked the speaker what she meant by that statement. She looked back at me curiously then took a few minutes to scramble for an answer. I was later told by a friend now working in Australia that public servants get an introduction card which uses that line as a basis for any opening remarks they use in public. Another Australian woman kept quoting my colleague formerly from NZ as a means to justify her position on the issue of race because it was made by “an indigenous Maori woman”. She looked confused and somewhat indignant towards me after I told her that the woman she was making reference to was actually a NZ-born Niuean.

At all but the Aotearoa-led sessions I heard people patting themselves on the back for the great work they were doing to reach under-represented communities. All the Aotearoa sessions were led by Maori and Pasifika colleagues based in Auckland. The difference in the approaches couldn’t have been starker. By the end of the conference I couldn’t wait to get on the plane to come home exhausted from my attempts to get people to think more deeply and critically about the work they were engaged with. Make no mistake about it – we need equity practitioners in tertiary institutions as people who will work alongside marginalised communities. But we need them to deeply understand, appreciate and recognise that these groups of people have hopes, beliefs, ways of life, languages and traditions that are exceptional and unique. It is therefore essential that equity practitioners ensure that they don’t relay indigenous ideas and practices after they’ve been sifted through the lens of privilege and dominance.

Jones (1999) made the observation when working with Maori and Pakeha female postgraduate students, that it wasn’t the natural right of Pakeha students to receive a detailed description on the experiences of their Maori colleagues. Whilst some might argue that everyone benefits from hearing and learning from the indigenous experience, Jones noted that in certain situations, it was only the Pakeha students who would benefit as their existing privilege meant their worldview would mediate the experiences of the other Maori students. This is something that the conference attendees needed to reflect on. In the end the conference was bitterly disappointing. I live these equity conferences every day – where people tell me what and how I am feeling having never walked in my jandals. It exemplifies the patronising practices that we encounter every day, wrapped up in good intentions and well-meaning practitioners. I had been hoping to leave Perth feeling invigorated and inspired. I left with the stinking reminder that the pursuit for equity in higher education still happens from the sidelines.

The new ‘brown flight’

tumblr_m19ygxKxrh1rrimczo1_1280
I sat down to dinner with a number of old mates from university-days a couple of weeks ago. We reminisced on being able to do all-nighters in the lead up to exams, mocked people about who they went out with and who they ended up with, pained over the ranging amounts still owed on student loans and the professions we found ourselves in today. Of the people around that dinner table, I was at university the longest – I took the longest time to complete my degree but also worked at the university once I had finished. One of the most engaging parts of the conversation for me was the number of people who had made deliberate decisions to move closer to the city. This sounded like a good idea because the 5-stage bus rides from Manurewa take a toll on you after the initial couple of years.

Interestingly, we talked about the decision to move closer to the city to either be in-zone for schools like Grammar, St Cuth’s and Epsom Girls. I couldn’t believe the kind of rent people were willing to pay for what they said would give their child “a better chance”. Those around me agreed that higher decile schools were better resourced, didn’t have the kind of “social ills” we were exposed to in south Auckland, assumed that kids at decile 8-10 schools had a greater chance of academic success and another even commented that the teachers were ‘better’. I sat there in absolute disbelief and alongside my wife commenced our work of slowly confronting their beliefs built on years of assimilationist knowledge widely accepted and promoted in NZ schools, media and common discourse. I can’t say how successful we were that night but am glad we had the chance to invite them to critically reflect on their decisions. I’ll let you know if we get invited to the next dinner.

In my Masters dissertation I wrote about what Brown-flight looked like in my school days. Back then our family succumbed to the words that my intermediate teacher told us saying that I was too bright for a high school in Otara. So like good, obedient Samoans we applied to a number of out of zone schools and to our astonishment I was accepted into Auckland Grammar. I only last a couple of weeks so my reality hit home fast. As we travelled home and reflected on dinner that night we concluded that this is what the contemporary version of brown flight looks like. That the upwardly mobile Pasifika person now has the ability to shift house and move their entire family into perceived opportunity by renting or buying in a high decile area of Auckland. Perhaps our schooling experiences were so painful that this is the way one can “choose” to avoid a repeat of those experiences? Or perhaps, we’ve accepted the idea that schools in south Auckland are ill-resourced so we act on the wealth of our own resources and move suburb? I’m not sure.

One of the key ideas I wrote about was the notion of choice. In my layperson interpretation of economics its suggested that consumers will make rational decisions in relation to the information they have before them. Butter or guns – supply and demand. It all sounds so straightforward, but it’s far from that. The choices that people from low decile communities are forced into making are more like school uniform this week and stationery next month – those are the realities. The new reality is that many of our people have been won to the idea that moving out and away from communities that we’ve traditionally lived in is the way to get ahead. Freire (1972) argues that after a while, the oppressed begin to mirror the attitudes and aspirations of the oppressor. At dinner that night I recognised the sad truth of his observation.

The mechanics of Cunliffe’s conference remarks

I deliberately used the term remarks. Remarks is an Americanism and that’s what DC’s speech to the Labour conference was – a lesson in American political rhetoric. But that’s not a bad thing. “Building a Future for All” is the best New Zealand political speech I’ve read.

Consider this: the plural pronoun “we” appeared 107 times. The possessive determiner and the possessive pronoun “our” and “ours” appeared 57 times. Contrast that against the use of the first person pronoun “I” which appeared 19 times. “Me” appeared a measly 5 times.

These are deictic expressions. The effect is that DC is speaking on behalf of the audience, not to it.  The technique is used to build a relationship with the audience. But it also goes further: DC is speaking as if everything he says is issued by “us”, the people. The heavy use of inclusive language opens the speech to the audience and lets them impose their own interpretations on it.

But everyone knows that a speechmaker should prefer we over I. A more interesting technique is the use of syntactic and lexical parallelism. The first is a repetition of the same structures, the second is a repetition of the same word categories. The other syntactic technique that emerges is parataxis which describes phrases that are equal (e.g. an equivalent set). Take the following:

“We need to reimagine the future. To rebuild it. To reclaim the Kiwi dream for all New Zealanders”.

That’s the rule of three in action, which DC uses heavily, and an example of syntactic and lexical parallelism. Now consider another:

When National thinks about growth, they think about growing volume. Milking more cows, digging more mines or drilling more holes.

They haven’t got a fracking clue.

Note the equivalent set in the first sentence. There are words belonging to the same word category: milking, digging and drilling. Parallelism is used as a chorus to build to the crescendo. Parallelism is used as an adrenalin shot, in other words.

It’s not a technique that’s used widely in New Zealand politics and it shows. The rhythm is off. Parrallelism works best with poetic language rather than the prosaic. Poetic language invites the audience to fill the gaps.  The audience can impose their own interpretations on the meaning of the speech when the language is left open.

American politics instructs its politicians and speech writers to approach political writing like didactic poetry. DC’s speech writers – and I wonder who they were – seem to have taken parts of that cue. The language isn’t poetic (per se) but the structure is. The speech is roughly organised into stanzas or verse. It makes the speech more accessible. Unlike Shearer’s speeches which were organised sentence to sentence without any bridges.

DC’s speech is a long way from being an Obama or even a Miliband. But it’s a level of sophistication unfamiliar to New Zealand politics. We’re conditioned to dry language, poor delivery and low expectations. Off the top of my head the last political leader to reject that was Lange. I’m hoping DC’s remarks represent a shift back to the language of Lange, Kirk and the other great orators of the Labour Party. Or even an emulation of the American style. Remarks are more interesting than speeches.

———-

Post-script: the more common techniques are present too: foregrounding and backgrounding, alliteration and assonance, antithesis and so on. There are mixed metaphors too. Example: “map without a compass” and a couple of sentences later “off key and out of tune” (pun alert).

Power-up: “fixing” Pasifika students

gotpriv_4

Well the Ministry of Education are up to their usual acculturalistic and assimilationist activities yet again. This time they’re out in Pasifika communities setting up ‘power stations’ that act as homework centres in churches in Porirua, south, west and east Auckland. Cleverly they’ve gone out and recruited Pasifika tertiary students under the guise of giving back to the community. They’ve duped church leaders and ministers into believing that opening their churches is for the good of the community and of course our leaders have been drawn into this intricate plan: the plan to make us palagi so that the government reaches its goal of students achieving NCEA level 2. The government’s education commitment is to the cause of re-election, not for the desire of changing an education system that remains neo-colonial.

Seve-Williams (2009) doctoral thesis discusses the need to understand the notions of egalitarianism and merit from a non-western perspective. Her study accounts for the voices of Pasifika students and their experiences in higher education. The NZ education system is premised on egalitarianism and Seve-Williams takes a critical approach to what that means for learners of diverse backgrounds who do not represent the privilege that comes from being part of the dominant culture in society reflected in schools (see Bourdieu 1976; Freire 1974). It is within this context that she (along with many other indigenous writes) invites a more critical approach to the function of education in society. Our young people bring diverse, rich and deeply critical knowledge to the classrooms and its high-time that knowledge was recognised and learned.

Whilst the theory noted above is hardly anything new to most people who’ve read a book or two over the last 200 years, it remains a mystery to me to see the Ministry of Education continuing its work that merely reinforces the idea that Pasifika students need to be more ‘western’ or Palagi to succeed. I don’t see this lot setting up homework centres anywhere else in the community and I don’t see them recruiting tutors for Palagi students. So whilst on the surface this all seems really nice, the practice is assismilationist. If the ministry spent more time diversifying its curriculum, making more scholarships available for trainee teachers, increasing indigenous educational resources, strengthening culturally responsive teaching pedagogies and reviewing its assessment practices then they’d achieve more in the long run. But this persistence of trying to fix Pasifika students and their families is nothing short of polite racism.

There are numerous Pasifika staff at the ministry. Will someone please stand up? Our people look to you to provide leadership and courage to fight the neo-colonial practices that continue. So whilst these Power stations might look and feel good, they’re yet another attempt to fix our kids. It’s the system that needs urgent attention and perhaps the people who need to be attending the power stations, are the Minister and her staff. In the meantime, we send our kids along to a brainwashing exercise that (mis)leads them into believing that this government cares about them.

Emerging Pasifika Leaders

Much of the commentary in relation to the recent Local Body elections has focussed on low voter turnout, ways to improve voter engagement and a couple of marginal seats that swung either way. These stories were pushed to the side when the media got excited over the Len Brown affair, which is nothing more than an ugly, smear campaign. Just a note while on the issues of the Brown affair: I agree with the comments of Rev Unasa on the reaction of Pasifika communities. Many are feeling betrayed by the Mayor but stand by him during this tumultuous time. Most of the people I’ve spoken to from youth groups and church have said that their hearts are towards his wife and children at this time, unlike the insatiable media appetite to dig more dirt on the matter. Unasa said that the healing for Mayor and Pasifika communities would take place as he delivered on the much needed support required for our poorest families and in time, made face to face connections in the community.

That aside, the big story for me around Local Body elections was the emergence of young, Pasifika leaders many of whom stood under the banner of the Labour Party. Lotu Fuli, Apulu Reece Autagavaia, Rev Obed Unasa, Ruby Manukia-Schaumkel and myself are just a few of the new people to have been elected to a local board and the Counties Manukau DHB. There are a host of others who have been returned to their local boards but I’ve been seriously encouraged by the number of young, Pasifika leaders who are stepping up. All of these people are (relatively) young and highly educated, but what’s more important than that to me is that they can bridge the gap between our parents generation and western society.

Labour needs Pasifika people who can do this. We need negotiators who can speak their heritage languages (whatever the level of proficiency) who are grounded and understand heritage cultures – the place of the church, respect for our elders, understanding the role of high chiefs: people who can move with some degree of ease between multiple worlds. This is not an easy task. In fact it is extremely difficult requiring cultural sensitivity, tact and maturity. But the fact is it’s needed and the Labour Party will be better off because it has the likes of these emerging leaders and others in its rank to build strength within the Party. And for the critics amongst us – I haven’t forgotten what I’ve said to and of the Labour Party when I wasn’t a member. If Labour is to be the Party Pasifika people call home, then the voices, leaders and views of our parents’ generations and our emerging leaders needs to be heard. The Local Body election results give us this very clear message.

Finally and on a personal level I want to thank the people of Otara who elected me to the Otara-Papatoetoe Local Board. I too got a very clear message from the many people I met at churches, on the streets, at the flea market and in their homes. That while they were interested in the policies we were advancing their message to me was clear: you’re from Otara, so speak up for us. And one very nice but quite cheeky woman quoted a recent blog I had written on this site and said that I now had the chance to prove that I wasn’t one of those politicians who turned up on time, every 3 years to “scab for her vote”.

Pretending to be Pacific

Some months ago I was asked by a good friend and colleague at the Salvation Army to be on a commentary panel on the day they released a report on the state of Pacific people in NZ aptly titled More than churches, festivals and rugby. The report is the first of its kind and I congratulate the Social Policy Unit of Salvation Army for showing the leadership and courage to produce it. I rocked up to the launch in Otahuhu thinking it would be a small, intimate affair only to realize I should have dressed better because the place was packed out. Numerous MP’s, community leaders, youth workers, the media and parents were there to get a copy of this excellent document and hear people outline the reasons for the report and preliminary feedback. Our panel of three people spoke, rarked up the audience a bit then retired to our seats.

At the conclusion of the meeting all the political parties attending the launch were invited to nominate someone to speak on their behalf. We heard the usual commitment from all of them to listen to the voices of the community and do their best to engage with us. Forgive me for sounding slightly cynical. NZ First, National, Labour and the Greens all got a chance to speak. That morning though, I heard a comment that absolutely floored me made by the Greens Pacific spokesperson. I’ll be upfront… I like the Greens. They approach conversations with sensitivity and intelligence which is to be commended. But the comment that rocked me was when the Green MP stood up and said that she wasn’t Pacific “but let’s just pretend I’m a Pacific Islander”. Some of us gasped when she made that comment: ‘awkward’ someone in front of me turned and said. Awkward it definitely was. I’ve reflected for a while on the comment this MP made and am still shocked by the fact she made it. Being the pretty laid-back person I am, I think at the time I gave her the benefit of the doubt in making such an awful remark. Perhaps she made this ‘throw-away’ comment to disguise her nerves in an auditorium full of Pacific people. I don’t know.

What I do know is that over the years there have been many forms of people wanting us to look at them and “pretend that they’re Pacific”. MP’s show up to church at precisely the 3-year election cycle. University researchers come into our communities and schools saying they’ll gather the necessary Pacific data to affect change in social policy. Private Training Establishments have set up everywhere promising employment at the completion of a free, certificate-level course. The mainstream media chase our kids for a story promising national fame. Well, the MP’s get elected; the researchers become professors; the PTE’s get rich and the media get ratings. But what of our people? What of our deeply personal stories? Time and again our narratives are produced for mass, mainstream consumption and like foreign-owned companies’ profits, the knowledge and intellectual property go off-shore.

So for the record Jan, pretending hurts: it steals, it lies and it destroys. Pretending has been the means with which people, universities, political parties and numerous other wolves have come into our homes, schools and churches to get what they want. A story, a vote, a signature. More often than not, the contact we’ve had with pretenders has benefitted us nothing. The report on the state of Pacific people released that morning was co-authored by a young Samoan, Tokelauan man who has lived in Mangere, south Auckland all his life. For the first time in forever, one of our people got to tell the story. And whilst the critics have said that the report only tells us the things we already know, the point is ‘we’ got to tell our story. It’s not pretend for those of us who live this reality, who go to church every Sunday with this reality, who shop at the shopping centres of this reality and who support our youth through this reality. Read the report and you’ll see that there’s nothing pretentious about the realities it describes for Pacific people in Aotearoa.

Labour and Pasifika-style leadership – can Cunliffe do it?

David-Cunliffe-launch3

I remember following the 1984 election with excitement. My parents had always voted Labour and were keen for a Lange-Labour win in 1984 because they’d had enough of Muldoon. Whilst I didn’t understand much of their dissatisfaction with National at the time, the one thing I knew without any doubt was that David Lange inspired my parents. He was a big man, who had a big voice, was highly intelligent and had real presence. Every time he was on the news my parents were mesmerized telling me that I should follow this man and listen carefully to everything he had to say.

As a Samoan I’ve been raised in an oral tradition. My dad was a pastor and lay preacher for many years. Watching him from the pulpit for many years gave me a real sense of how you could best communicate a message – Dad’s were powerful and persuasive (and of course I’d say that, I was his son and good Samoan kids obey their parents). In many ways I saw David Lange as possessing the skills of a powerful and dynamic communicator, similar to the many church ministers and lay preachers that I was being exposed to as a child. Lange was a lay preacher of the Methodist Church I later discovered.

Pasifika people are drawn to great communicators; communicators who are dynamic, humorous, firm and persuasive. Looking back on the 1984 election, it was these attributes that won Lange so much favour amongst our people. Over the years I’ve seen how our people have been drawn to the likes of Helen Clark, Vaovasamanaia Winston Peters and in recent times, David Cunliffe. Whilst none of them are a complete replica of Lange, each of them possesses the traits that Samoan people are looking for in a leader.

In a recent blog I talked about how dynamic and inspirational Rev Uesifili Unasa was as he spoke of his vision for Auckland, acknowledging that his humble demeanour and powerful ability to communicate are huge assets to his political pursuit to become Mayor of Auckland. Coming from an oral tradition means that the lens we look through is slightly different from what may draw others to political leaders. Of course any politician is going to need decent communication abilities to get noticed.

I was one of a number of Samoans and other Pasifika people that packed out David Cunliffe’s New Lynn office when he announced his decision to seek the leadership of the Labour Party. It’s fair to say that amongst many Pasifika people in Auckland, David Cunliffe is the person they want as Labour’s leader. Cunliffe espouses the traits that naturally lend themselves to drawing Pasifika support – he’s intelligent, personable and a very good communicator. Admittedly, Jones and Robertson have those characteristics too, but I think his support amongst Pacific people comes from us feeling that he’s had a rough deal in the last couple of years. With so many Pasifika Labour members at his announcement, I believe it is fair to say that he has the support of Pasifika within the Party. Su’a William Sio is publicly supporting his bid for the leadership and that endorsement will have weighting in the community.

Watching the election coverage in 1984 was like sitting at the movie theatre trying to anticipate what would develop next. Late in the evening, David Lange emerged from behind the curtain on stage to give his speech as Prime Minister-elect. His speech was moving and inspirational. And whilst his government’s neo-liberal agenda that followed will always be an indictment on his administration with the awful effects still being felt today, his speech and person were indicative of the leadership Pasifika people are won to. Almost 20 years on it’s a different David and a slightly different context. This David claims to have learned a number of lessons from his time on the backbench in bringing some healing to troubled relationships within the caucus. Moreover, he has the intelligence, personality, work ethic and perhaps more importantly, a groundswell of support amongst Pacific voters to lead Labour to victory in 2014. And it’s that vote located mainly in south and west Auckland that Labour needs to inspire to the booths next year. I’m convinced that under Cunliffe’s leadership Pasifika voters will both be inspired to the booth and others, back to Labour.

Will Labour Take The Third Way?

L460x230

Consider this:

Labour Party deputy leader Grant Robertson has moved to try and reassure financial markets that its sudden lurch to favour central planning in the electricity industry is one-off…

Mr Robertson says: “Labour makes no apology for stepping in to fix problems in the electricity sector. But this is not a signal that Labour is going to intervene elsewhere in the economy”.

And compare it with this from David Cunliffe:

While the hippies were out protesting in the streets… Milton Friedman was selling his students the idea that taxation was evil and that businesses worked best when they were deregulated. .. the Labour Party in New Zealand enthusiastically took up Friedman’s philosophy, which is now called neo-liberalism …

All around the world this realization is sinking in: the unregulated marketplace has been a disaster, and the costs have always been borne by ordinary people.

Try and reconcile it with Jane Clinfton’s recent column:

[Grant Robertson is] also – and this is a bit of a secret – way more left-wing than Cunliffe. This will come as a surprise to many of the latter’s supporters.

The claim that Grant Robertson is “way more left-wing” than David Cunliffe doesn’t compute. In 1993 Chris Trotter labelled Robertson the “reluctant radical”. There’s isn’t anything in Robertson’s public record that denies the label.

Robertson can’t be held against a ministerial record, but he’s credited with persuading Helen Clark to introduce interest free student loans. On that policy achievement alone, Robertson is a third way social democrat – the policy took the rough edges off of the loan scheme but didn’t radically reform or replace it. Bill Clinton and Tony Blair would be proud.

But in 2012 Robertson delivered a sweeping and progressive speech on the environment. He linked the environment with the economy, the government and the opportunities it presents the left. Where was that Grant Robertson when NZ Powergave the establishment the jitters? MIA. Instead, the Grant Robertson of the fifth Labour government – the reluctant social democrat – arrived. If Robertson is “way more left-wing”, then it’s no surprise that it’s “a bit of a secret”. His record doesn’t broadcast strong social democracy.

That’s not to say Cunliffe’s a socialist, he’s a social democrat. His record in the fifth Labour government isn’t unblemished. He was an enthusiastic supporter of PPPs. But two things occurred between then and now: the GFC and the Great Recession. Cunliffe acknowledges that the collapse “changes things” and offers the left the “freedom  to ask big questions” about whether pre-crash policy settings are appropriate. According to Cunliffe,  in many cases “the anwer is no”.

The International Socialist Organisation of Aotearoa New Zealand argues (with strong qualifications) that Cunliffe “is talking a language almost unheard of from Labour politicians in a generation”. When Cunliffe delivered his invisible hand speech the only other politicians who dared mention neoliberalism were Hone Harawira and Annette Sykes. On yesterday’s Q+A Robertson rejected neoliberalism – but it smells of a Johnney-come-lately.

While Cunliffe was rejecting neoliberalism Robertson was propping up a leader who demonised beneficiaries. So it surprises me that Robertson is apparently the candidate of the left. The Labour left, probably, but the wider left is clear in its preference for Cunliffe. Robertson would energise Labour, but Cunliffe would energise the wider left.

Third way social democracy was never an ideology of or for the left. It was an experiment. Can Labour afford to experiment with Grant Robertson?